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STEP 1: Scrap is loaded into clam shell buckets and charged into the ultra high powered (UHP) eccentric bottom tapping furnace (EBT) electric arc furnace. Scrap is melted. Carbon and phosphorus are refined under oxidizing slag.

STEP 2: The EBT feature minimizes temperature loss and allows liquid steel to be tapped slag-free into the ladle for further refining. During tapping deoxidation and alloy additions are charged followed by the addition of a reducing top slag.

STEP 3: Ladle is transferred to heating station for alloy adjustment and refining. Arc heating and induction stirring at this step ensures mixing and interaction of steel and slag.

STEP 4: The steel bath undergoes vacuum degassing where hydrogen is refined to a level of less than 1 part per million. Combined induction and argon gas stirring is used to optimize stirring energy during vacuum treatment.

STEP 5a: Ladle is transferred to second heating station where steel may be calcium treated via wire feeding. The steel may be reheated and final alloy adjustments added if needed.

STEP 5b: Ladle is transferred to second heating station where steel may be calcium treated via wire feeding. The steel may be reheated and final alloy adjustments added if needed.

STEP 6: Heats are sent to teem at a consistent, designated temperature. All ingots are bottom poured at a controlled rate of rise. Argon shrouding may be employed to minimize re-oxidation and the pickup of hydrogen and nitrogen.

There are two styles of ingots produced by EQS, cylindrical ingots and tapered big end up ingots.

EQS's cylindrical ingots have little or no taper along their length and provide optimal yield after discard of the hot top. These molds are available from 10" through 50" diameter.

Tapered big end up ingots have an ideal design for optimal solidification to ensure steel cleanliness approach re-melted material. The taper and larger hot top volume of these molds ensure ideal solidification that promotes further refinement of inclusions into the hot top and minimizes chemical segregation for an air melt ingot.

Ingot Sizes
EQS produces a wide range of bottom poured ingot sizes for a wide variety of applications. Our customers are open die forges, ring rollers and steel mills that demand the highest quality material for their products.

As the leading supplier of material to open die forge shops and ring producers EQS can deliver the best ingot size for your application. EQS supplies bottom poured ingots, VAR ingots and ESR ingots. The bottom poured ingots are available in two configurations cylindrical and tapered big end up. Cylindrical ingots are ideal for commercial or bearing quality specifications. Tapered ingots are available in round and rectangular cross sections and offer ideal solidification parameters for optimal cleanliness and minimal segregation in our customer's end product.

For the most demanding application EQS offers a wide range of VAR and ESR ingots that will meet and exceed all industry requirements for these products.